GEOGRAPHY AS A SUBJECT.

Traditionally, geographers have been viewed the same way as cartographers and people who study place names and numbers. Although many geographers are trained in toponymy and cartology, this is not their main preoccupation. Geographers study the spatial and the temporal distribution of phenomena, processes, and features as well as the interaction of humans and their environment.^[8] Because space and place affect a variety of topics, such as economics, health, climate, plants and animals; geography is highly interdisciplinary. The interdisciplinary nature of the geographical approach depends on an attentiveness to the relationship between physical and human phenomena and its spatial patterns.

...mere names of places...are not geography...know by heart a whole gazetteer full of them would not, in itself, constitute anyone a geographer. Geography has higher aims than this: it seeks to classify phenomena (alike of the natural and of the political world, in so far as it treats of the latter), to compare, to generalize, to ascend from effects to causes, and, in doing so, to trace out the laws of nature and to mark their influences upon man. This is 'a description of the world'—that is Geography. In a word Geography is a Science—a thing not of mere names but of argument and reason, of cause and effect.^[9]

—William Hughes, 1863

Just as all phenomena exist in time and thus have a history, they also exist in space and have a geography.^[10]

—United States National Research Council, 1997

Geography as a discipline can be split broadly into two main subsidiary fields: human geography and physical geography. The former largely focuses on the built environment and how humans create, view, manage, and influence space. The latter examines the natural environment, and how organisms, climate, soil, water, and landforms produce and interact.^[11] The difference between these approaches led to a third field, environmental geography, which combines the physical and the human geography, and looks at the interactions between the environment and humans.^[8]

Branches

Physical geography

Main article: Physical geography

Physical geography (or physiography) focuses on geography as an Earth science. It aims to understand the physical problems and the issues of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, and global flora and fauna patterns (biosphere).
Physical geography can be divided into many broad categories, including:

Biogeography	Climatology & Meteorology	Coastal geography	Environmental management
Geodesy	Geomorphology	Glaciology	Hydrology & Hydrography
Landscape ecology	Oceanography	Pedology	Palaeogeography
Quaternary science

Political Geography

Main article: Political geography

Political geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the study of government and politics in relation to spatial patterns.

Human geography

Main article: Human geography

Human geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the study of patterns and processes that shape the human society. It encompasses the human, political, cultural, social, and economic aspects.
Human geography can be divided into many broad categories, such as:

Cultural geography	Development geography	Economic geography	Health geography
Historical & Time geog.	Political geog. & Geopolitics	Pop. geog. or Demography	Religion geography
Social geography	Transportation geography	Tourism geography	Urban geography

Various approaches to the study of human geography have also arisen through time and include:

• Behavioral geography
• Feminist geography
• Culture theory
• Geosophy

Integrated geography

Main article: Integrated geography

Integrated geography is the branch of geography that describes the spatial aspects of interactions between humans and the natural world. It requires an understanding of the traditional aspects of the physical and the human geography, as well as the ways that human societies conceptualize the environment.
Integrated geography has emerged as a bridge between the human and the physical geography, as a result of the increasing specialisation of the two sub-fields. Furthermore, as human relationship with the environment has changed as a result of globalization and technological change, a new approach was needed to understand the changing and dynamic relationship. Examples of areas of research in the environmental geography include: emergency management, environmental management, sustainability, and political ecology.

Geomatics

Main article: Geomatics

Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

Geomatics is a branch of geography that has emerged since the quantitative revolution in geography in the mid-1950s. Geomatics involves the use of traditional spatial techniques used in cartography and topography and their application to computers. Geomatics has become a widespread field with many other disciplines, using techniques such as GIS and remote sensing. Geomatics has also led to a revitalization of some geography departments, especially in Northern America where the subject had a declining status during the 1950s.
Geomatics encompasses a large area of fields involved with spatial analysis, such as Cartography, Geographic information systems (GIS), Remote sensing, and Global positioning systems (GPS).

Regional geography

Main article: Regional geography

Regional geography is a branch of geography which studies the regions of all sizes across the Earth. It has a prevailing descriptive character. The main aim is to understand, or define the uniqueness, or character of a particular region that consists of natural as well as human elements. Attention is paid also to regionalization, which covers the proper techniques of space delimitation into regions.
Regional geography is also considered as a certain approach to study in geographical sciences (similar to quantitative or critical geographies, for more information see History of geography).

Godfrey Liyeweta

AMEEEEEEEEEEN.

 

 

“Ni lazma Yanga watambue wanaliwakilisha Taifa” – Jamal Malinzi

Kikosi cha timu ya Yanga kinaondoka kesho kikiwa na matumaini makubwa ya kusonga mbele baada ya ushindi wa mabao 5-1 iliyoupata kwenye mchezo wa awali

WAKATI kikosi cha Yanga kikiondoka nchini kesho kuelekea Harare Zimbabwe Rais wa Shirikisho la soka Tanzania TFF, Jamal Malinzi amewatahadharisha wawakilishi hao pekee wa Tanzania kwenye michuano ya Kombe la Shirikisho kwa kuwataka wacheze kwa jihadi ili wasonge mbele.
Malinzi ameiambia Goal, FC Platinum inauwezo mkubwa hivyo nilazima wachezaji wa Yanga watambue kama wanaliwakilisha taifa hivyo wanachotakiwa ni kucheza kwa bidii bila kuangalia matokeo ya mechi ya kwanza waliyoshinda mabao 5-1, lengo likiwa ni kusonga kupata ushindi wa mapema utakao wachanganya wapinzani wao na kusonga mbele.
“Nimezungumza na nahodha wa Yanga Nadir Haroub ‘Cannavaro’ nimemwambia awaeleze wenzake taifa linawatazama wao hivyo wanatakiwa kucheza kwa tahadhari na kujituma ili wapate ushindi wakiwa ugenini. Kwani Platinum ni timu ngumu na wanacheza nyumbani kwao uwezekano wa kupata mabao matano upo kama vile wao walivyopata wakiwa nyumbani,”amesema Malinzi.
Kikosi cha timu ya Yanga kinaondoka kesho kikiwa na matumaini makubwa ya kusonga mbele baada ya ushindi wa mabao 5-1 iliyoupata kwenye mchezo wa awali na kocha Pluijm amesema watakwenda kushambulia kama walivyofanya nyumbani na siyo kuzuia kama zinavyofanya baadhi ya timu.